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Verification of protein sparing by feeding carbohydrate to common carp Cyprinus carpio

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Abstract

A 9-week feeding trial in floating freshwater cages (1.0 m×1.0 m×2.0 m) was conducted to study the effects of different dietary levels of protein and starch on growth, body composition, and gene expression of enzymes in common carp, Cyprinus carpio (mean body weight, 36.12±1.18 g) to evaluate the protein-sparing effect of dietary carbohydrate. Four diets were formulated with corn starch as the carbohydrate source to obtain corn starch levels of 6.5%, 13%, 19.5%, or 26% and protein levels of 30.5%, 28.2%, 26.4%, and 24.2%. The results showed no differences in growth performance of fish fed the diets with different protein and corn starch levels, but body composition and glucose metabolic enzyme activity of carp were significantly affected by the different diets (P< 0.05). Weight gain, specific growth rate, and the feed conversion ratio were not different in fish fed the different dietary treatments. Protein efficiency ratio increased significantly as corn starch level increased (P< 0.05). Whole-body crude lipid composition increased with increasing dietary corn starch level (P< 0.05). Glucokinase (GK), hexokinase, and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities increased significantly with increasing dietary corn starch level (P< 0.05), whereas glucose-6-phosphate (G6Pase) activity decreased with increasing dietary corn starch level (P< 0.05). GK gene expression was significantly higher in fish fed the high-corn starch diet than those fed the low-corn starch diet (P< 0.05). G6pase gene expression tended to decrease with increasing starch level (P> 0.05). In summary, the results indicate a protein-sparing effect by substituting carbohydrate in the diet of common carp.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Tianjin Tianxiang Aquatic Co. Ltd. for their assistance preparing the farming equipment and supplements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China

    Zhenyan Cheng  (程镇燕) & Jinsheng Sun  (孙金生)

  2. Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China

    Zhenyan Cheng  (程镇燕), Jinghui Li  (李静辉), Baolong Zhang  (张宝龙), Zhenzhen Fang  (方珍珍), Jinhui Sun  (孙金辉), Dongqing Bai  (白东清) & Xiuting Qiao  (乔秀亭)

Authors
  1. Zhenyan Cheng  (程镇燕)
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  2. Jinghui Li  (李静辉)
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  3. Baolong Zhang  (张宝龙)
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  4. Zhenzhen Fang  (方珍珍)
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  5. Jinhui Sun  (孙金辉)
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  6. Dongqing Bai  (白东清)
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  7. Jinsheng Sun  (孙金生)
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  8. Xiuting Qiao  (乔秀亭)
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jinsheng Sun  (孙金生).

Additional information

Supported by the Key Technology R&D Program of Tianjin (No. 13ZCZDNC00900), the Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology (No. 14JCQNJC15100), the Tianjin Innovative Research Team (No. TD12-5018), the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31402313)

CHENG Zhenyan and LI Jinghui contributed equally to this work.

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Cheng, Z., Li, J., Zhang, B. et al. Verification of protein sparing by feeding carbohydrate to common carp Cyprinus carpio . Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 35, 251–257 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-016-5332-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-016-5332-6

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